Dichroic iav tuaj yeem tso saib ntau yam xim hauv qab teeb pom kev sib txawv. Nws yog cov khoom siv iav tshwj xeeb. Nws yog cov iav uas tsis yog-translucent. Ua los ntawm stacked txheej ntawm hlau oxide. Qhov no yog vim li cas nws muaj cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv. Lub npe lag luam "dichroic" tuaj yeem qhia peb lossis ntau dua xim (tricolor). Qee zaum, nws tuaj yeem pom cov xim zaj sawv. Nws cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb ua rau nws siv dav hauv kev kos duab, kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis. Daim ntawv no yuav tham txog kev nthuav dav hauv keeb kwm, kev tsim kho thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov iav dichroic thiab nws daim ntawv thov hauv ntau qhov chaw.
Keeb kwm thaum ntxov ntawm dichroic iav
Ancient khoom siv tes ua: Lub tswv yim ntawm dichroic iav tuaj yeem taug qab rov qab mus rau kev vam meej thaum ub. Raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub teb chaws Ottoman Roman, artisans tau mastered txheej txheem ntawm ua iav nrog dichroic teebmeem. Piv txwv li, lub npe nrov Lechugus khob. Qhov no yog Roman iav los ntawm lub xyoo pua plaub. Lub khob yog carved los ntawm ib qho khoom siv thiab yog ib qho ntawm ob peb ua tiav iav los ntawm lub sijhawm. Nws yog dichroic iav, uas tuaj yeem tshwm ntsuab thaum nruab hnub thiab liab thaum hmo ntuj. Koj tuaj yeem txaus siab rau qib sib txawv ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm txhua lub kaum sab xis. Cov nyhuv dichroic no ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hlau me me rau lub khob. Cov khoom no tuaj yeem tsim kev cuam tshuam los ntawm irradiation ntawm lub teeb, yog li qhia cov nyhuv dichroic.
Tej zaum cov craftsmen ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws nyob rau lub sij hawm no twb tsis paub hais tias lawv cov khoom siv tes ua yuav kav ze li ntawm 2, 000 xyoo. Thiab cov cuab yeej siv hauv iav tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav qhov chaw.
Medieval txoj kev loj hlob: Nrog kev loj hlob ntawm Lub Sijhawm, mus rau lub sijhawm medieval. Dichroic iav tshuab kuj tau tsim ntxiv. Cov kws txawj siv thev naus laus zis hauv cov iav stained Windows ntawm pawg ntseeg. Txhawm rau kom muaj xim sib txawv thiab pom cov teebmeem. Cov iav no zoo nkauj ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Lub cam khwb cia duab ntxoov ntxoo kuj muaj yeeb yuj, ntxiv ib tug tshwj xeeb kos duab ntxim nyiam rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, ua rau lub tsev teev ntuj muaj zog thiab agility. Stained glass Windows tsis yog tsuas yog zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev ntseeg thiab kev kawm tseem ceeb. Stained glass Windows kuj tau los ua lub cim iav tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Qee lub tsev teev ntuj nto moo, xws li Notre Dame Cathedral hauv Paris thiab Milan Cathedral, yog nto moo rau lawv qhov zoo nkauj stained iav qhov rais. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho kev nthuav qhia ntawm medieval prowess. Nws kuj yog ib qho cuab yeej cuab tam tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Niaj hnub no, nws yog tseem attracted ntau suav tsis txheeb tourists.
Lub hnub yug ntawm niaj hnub dichroic iav
Kev tawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th: Qhov kev tawg tiag tiag hauv cov iav niaj hnub dichroic tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1960. Thaum lub sij hawm, NASA cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab kho qhov muag thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv. Cov txheej txheem txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej tshiab tau tsim. Cov thev naus laus zis tau tsim los rau kev siv aerospace. Feem ntau yog lub qhov rais thiab ntsuas vaj huam sib luag ntawm lub dav hlau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom siv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hnub ci hluav taws xob hnyav.
NASA txoj kev koom tes: NASA pab pawg tshawb fawb suav nrog cov kws kho qhov muag thiab cov kws tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv. Lawv nrhiav pom cov nyhuv dichroic los ntawm kev sib tsoo thaum tswj cov kev xav thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb hauv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm multilayer txheej tshuab. Qhov kev tshawb pom no tau coj lawv mus kawm ntxiv thiab txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig. Kev cia siab yog tias cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li qhov txiaj ntsig no.
Vim hais tias cov khoom pob tshab zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tib neeg lub zeem muag los ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob hnyav ntawm lub hnub ci. Cov khoom siv xws li tib neeg lub cev mus rau lub dav hlau thiab khoos phis tawj tuaj yeem raug mob los ntawm hnub ci hluav taws xob yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv. Dichroic iav, vim tias nws muaj cov kab ntau ntawm cov hlau, tuaj yeem thaiv qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hnub ci zog. Yog li pab pawg tshawb fawb nws thiaj li tsim cov iav dichroic hauv kev xav niaj hnub no. Cov khoom siv tshiab tuaj yeem pom cov xim sib txawv hauv cov teeb pom kev sib txawv. Nws muaj qhov tshwj xeeb kho qhov muag.
Kev tsim kho ntawm cov iav dichroic
Multi-layer txheej tshuab: Kev tsim cov iav dichroic cia siab rau cov txheej txheem ntau txheej txheej txheej. Cov txheej txheem no yog tso nyiaj ntau lossis ntau pua txheej ntawm cov hlau lossis oxide zaj duab xis rau ntawm lub khob. Lub thickness thiab cov khoom ntawm txhua zaj duab xis yog ua tib zoo tswj. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm kev xav thiab kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb. Yog li qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov txheej txheem kuj tseem nruj thiab zoo. Lub thickness ntawm zaj duab xis yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv nanometer scale. Cov qauv me me no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb. Ua rau cov nyhuv dichroic.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb: cuam tshuam cuam tshuam yog vim li cas lub iav dichroic tsim cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov ces kaum sib txawv. Thaum lub teeb dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej txheej multilayer. Qhov sib txawv wavelengths ntawm lub teeb yuav muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xav thiab kev sib kis. Yog li, cov xim sib txawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv saib thiab nyob rau hauv lub teeb sib txawv. Los ntawm precisely tswj cov khoom thiab thickness ntawm txheej. Dichroic iav nrog cov xim sib txawv thiab cov teebmeem tuaj yeem tsim.
Material innovation: Kev nce qib hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb kuj tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov iav dichroic. Cov kws tshawb fawb niaj hnub tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv txheej tshiab, xws li titanium oxide, zinc oxide thiab alumina. Kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau cov nyhuv xim ntawm dichroic iav ntau dua. Nws tseem muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov kev cia siab.
Thaum ntxov daim ntawv thov ntawm dichroic iav
Aerospace: dichroic iav yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv spacecraft qhov rais thiab ntsuas vaj huam sib luag. Vim nws cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb, cov iav dichroic tuaj yeem txo qis kev sib kis ntawm qee qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob. Nws tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau lub teeb pom kev zoo kom ntseeg tau tias lub teeb kis tau zoo. Cov khoom siv no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thaum ntxov los tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej siv dav hlau thiab cov neeg caij nkoj. Nws tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev kub siab hnub ci hluav taws xob.
Cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb: dichroic iav yog siv los ua cov lim dej hauv qee qhov kev tshawb fawb. Cov ntxaij lim dej kho qhov muag yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tswj cov kev pom ntawm lub teeb los ntawm cov wavelengths tshwj xeeb. Los ntawm kev xaiv kis lossis cuam tshuam cov wavelengths ntawm lub teeb. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav kev tswj hwm ntawm lub teeb. Dichroic iav vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb txheej txheej txheej txheej txheej thiab lub teeb cuam tshuam cuam tshuam. Nws tuaj yeem sib cais thiab lim cov wavelengths sib txawv ntawm lub teeb. Yog li ntawd, cov iav dichroic yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntxaij lim dej ua haujlwm siab. Kuj tseem muaj cov cuab yeej tshawb fawb xws li microscopes, spectrometers thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho qhov muag. Cov cuab yeej no tuaj yeem siv cov iav dichroic. Nws cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb yog nyiam los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Nws pab lawv precisely tswj cov kis tau tus mob thiab reflection ntawm lub teeb. Qhov tseeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov kev sim tau zoo dua.
Kev siv cov iav dichroic hauv kev kos duab
Kev tsim kos duab: dichroic iav nrog nws cov xim tshwj xeeb hloov pauv sai sai nyiam cov neeg ua yeeb yam loj. Cov kws kos duab pib siv cov iav dichroic hauv cov duab puab, kho kom zoo nkauj thiab tsim vaj tsev. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov pom kev zoo nkauj hauv lub tsev. Tseem muaj ntau yam zoo nkauj nthuav tawm. Piv txwv li, tus kws kos duab nto moo Dale Chihuly, nws tau siv cov iav dichroic los tsim ntau cov yeeb yuj thiab dazzling iav sculptures.
Architectural kho kom zoo nkauj: dichroic iav tsis yog tsuas yog tsim rau kos duab, tab sis kuj siv nyob rau hauv architectural kho kom zoo nkauj. Xws li lub tsev Windows, kab hlau rhuav phab ntsa thiab kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv. Dichroic iav tsis tsuas yog txhim kho tus nqi zoo nkauj ntawm architecture vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb hloov xim. Nws kuj ua rau kom muaj kev sib cuam tshuam thiab kev ncig ntawm lub teeb sab hauv thiab sab nraum zoov, tsim kom muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb spatial.
Niaj hnub nimno daim ntawv thov ntawm dichroic iav
Consumer electronics: Hauv kev tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub no. Kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg siv kev paub ntawm cov khoom. Yog li xaiv cov khoom tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Dichroic iav, nrog nws cov khoom siv kho qhov muag zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj, tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob high-end. Dichroic iav yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm ntau yam high-end zaub cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab lub koob yees duab lim. Nws zoo txo qhov glare thiab reflections. Nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev txhim kho cov khoom ua tau zoo thiab cov neeg siv kev paub.
Cov cuab yeej kho mob: dichroic iav kuj tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev kho mob. Hauv kev kho mob, cov iav dichroic yog siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej ua kom pom tseeb thiab cov cuab yeej kho qhov muag. Zoo li qee cov txheej txheem microsurgery, dichroic iav tuaj yeem pab cov kws kho mob pom thiab ua haujlwm kom pom tseeb dua. Qhov tseeb thiab kev ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau zoo heev, thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab qhov tseeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau lav.
Automotive kev lag luam: dichroic iav yog siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam automotive ua kom muaj kev ua tau zoo windshields thiab Windows. Cov khoom siv no tuaj yeem txhim kho kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsheb, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem lim cov teeb pom kev zoo. Nws txhim kho kev tsav tsheb kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nplij siab. Txawm li cas los xij, daim ntawv thov no xav tau tus nqi siab, thiab qee zaum kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau txoj kab ntawm qhov pom, yog li nws tsis yog siv ntau.
Environmental technology: dichroic iav kuj yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm ib puag ncig technology. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci hlwb, dichroic iav tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv lub teeb. Yog li, lub zog conversion efficiency ntawm lub hnub ci hlwb yog txhim kho.
Saum toj no
Txoj kev loj hlob keeb kwm ntawm dichroic iav qhia txog kev tshawb nrhiav txuas ntxiv thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm tib neeg hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag. Nws yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm Lub Sijhawm thiab kev ua haujlwm thev naus laus zis. Dichroic iav yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb nrog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tshwj xeeb. Nws tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb, kos duab, architecture thiab lwm yam. Raws li thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus thiab kev thov txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv. Txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej ntawm cov iav dichroic kuj yog qhov dav heev. Nws yuav txuas ntxiv muab kev yooj yim dua thiab kev zoo nkauj rau tib neeg lub neej.
